OVERVIEW OF HVAC

Introduction to HVAC

• Fundamentals
• Modes of Heat Transfer
• Sensible Heat and Latent Heat

Basic Components of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration machines

• Basic Refrigeration System or Vapor Compression Cycle
• Pressure – Enthalpy Chart
• Function & Types of Compressor
• Function & Types of Condenser
• Function & Types of Expansion Valve
• Function & Types of Evaporator
• Accessories used in the System
• Refrigerant and Brines

Classification of Air-Conditioning System

Window A/C

• Working of Window A/C with Line Diagrams

Split A/C

• Types of Split A/C
• Working of Split A/C with Line Diagrams

Ductable Split A/C

• Working of Ductable Split A/C with Line Diagrams
• Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV)/ Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF)

Ductable Package A/C

• Working of Ductable Package A/C with Line Diagrams

Package Roof Top Units

Central Plant Chill Water System

Categories of Air Conditioning

• All air system
• All water system
• Air - water system
• Direct Refrigerant system

Study of Psychrometric Charts

• Dry Bulb Temperature
• Wet Bulb Temperature
• Dew Point Temperature
• Relative Humidity
• Humidity Ratio
• Processes
• Heating
• Cooling
• Cooling and Dehumidification
• Heating and Humidification
• Finding Values Using the Chart

Load Calculation

• Survey of Building
• Cooling Load Steps
• Finding Temperature difference (ΔT)
• Wall
• Glass
• Roof
• Partition

Progressing the Project

Finding ‘U’ Factor

• Wall
• Glass
• Roof
• Partition

Finding Ventilation requirement for IAQ

Load Calculations (Manually using E-20 form)

ESHF, ADP & Air Flow Rate (CFM) Calculation

Air Distribution System

• Duct-Definition & Terminology
• Duct Design consideration
• Duct sizing methods
• Duct sizing as per Aspect Ratio
• Finding Duct size using Ductulator
• Calculation of Number of sheets for Duct
• Gauge selection for Sheet Metal
• Bill of Materials for Duct Network
• Legends and Symbols used in the HVAC Industry
• Selection of Diffusers and Grilles
• Duct Materials and Insulation materials used in HVAC Industry
• Study of Overseas Drawings
• Duct Routing - Preparation of single line diagram (SLD
• Preparation of Layouts (Double line Diagram - DLD) as per SMACNA rules
• Openings for Ducts passing through Wall
• Sectional drawing @ Duct supports
• Concept of CAV & VAV

Static Pressure Calculation

• Selection of Motor HP
• Selection Fan/Blower RPM

Hydronic System

• Classification of Water Piping
• Pipe sizing for chill water system
• Fittings used in the HVAC Piping System
• Valves used in the HVAC Piping System
• Function of Valves
• Openings for CHW Pipes passing through Wall
• Sectional drawing @ CHW Pipe supports
• Pump Head Calculation
• Selection of Pump

Air Conditioning Concepts

Fire Protection (Awareness)

HVAC software’s

• XL sheet for Load Calculations
• Duct sizer for Duct sizing
• TroxCADBase for Diffuser & Grilles
• Pipe sizer for Pipe sizing
• Psychrometry Software